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Is there any updated or recent study regarding to this other than the one you had shown from 1994 from an earlier post? If so, I'd like to hear about it.
Naturopathy
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Is there any updated or recent study regarding to this other than the one you had shown from 1994 from an earlier post? If so, I'd like to hear about it.
Since you ask . . . and remember many of these are not studies OF the Feingold diet, directly, but basic research helping one understand WHY such a diet would reasonably work . . .
I have many (not all) of them as full studies, in my notebooks or posted on the site. Some you can find at Diet and Health: PDF documents
First the two in 1994:
Synthetic Food Coloring and Behavior: A Dose Response Effect in a Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Repeated-Measures Study,
K.S.Rowe, K.J.Rowe,
Journal of Pediatrics, November 1994, Vol. 135, pp.691-8
150 of 200 children [75%] improved on an open trial of a diet free of synthetic food coloring, and deteriorated upon introduction of foods containing synthetic colorings.
34 other "clear" or "suspected" reactors plus 20 "controls" were studied in a separate double blind study. 82.5% of the "suspected reactors,", 27% of the "uncertain reactors," and 10% of the "controls" reacted to a mild single-item challenge of tartrazine (Yellow #5). Kind of reaction and length of time the children were affected depended on the dose. Rowe reported that a dose response effect was observed.
Full Text:
http://www.feingold.org/Research/PDFstudies/Rowe94.pdf
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Foods and Additives are Common Causes of the Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder in Children,
Boris M; Mandel F,
Annals of Allergy, May 1994, Vol. 72, pp. 462-8
Full Text:
http://www.feingold.org/Research/PDFstudies/Boris94.pdf
73% of 26 children with ADHD responded favorably to a diet eliminating reactive foods and artificial colors. 16 of the improved children were given a double blind challenge with 100 mg of mixed food dyes or a food chosen by the parent. ALL of them reacted to the challenge. Placebo effect was ruled out, as the children were as good on placebo days as at baseline (on the diet). "This study demonstrated a beneficial effect of eliminating reactive foods and artificial colors in children with ADHD. Dietary factors may play a significant role in the etiology of the majority of children with ADHD."
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Another Boris study:
Pollen Exposure as a Cause for the Deterioration of Neurobehavioral Function in Children with Autism and Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder
Journal of Nutritional & Environmental Medicine (March 2004) 14(1), 39–45
Full Text:
http://www.feingold.org/Research/PDFstudies/Boris04.pdf
Note: Many pollens contain significant levels of salicylate, so this is not so unexpected.
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Effect of organic synthetic food colours on mitochondrial respiration.
Reyes FG, Valim MF, Vercesi AE.
Food Additives and Contaminants. 1996 Jan;13(1):5-11
Effect of organic synthetic food colours on mitoch...[Food Addit Contam. 1996] - PubMed Result
excerpt:
" ... The compounds tested were: Erythrosine, Ponceau 4R, Allura Red, Sunset yellow, Tartrazine, Amaranth, Brilliant Blue, Blue, Fast Red E, Orange GGN and Scarlet GN. All food colours tested inhibited mitochondrial respiration ...This inhibition varied largely, e.g. from 100% to 16% for Erythrosine and Tartrazine respectively, ...This effect was dose related .... "
Note: mitochondria are the tiny organelles inside cells which are in charge of energy.
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Effects of prenatal ethanol exposure and early experience on home-cage and open-field activity in mice.
Mothes HK, Opitz B, Werner R, Clausing P,
Neurotoxicol Teratol 1996 Jan-Feb;18(1):59-65
Effects of prenatal ethanol exposure and early exp...[Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1996 Jan-Feb] - PubMed Result
This is a study on mice -- and there are several others like it, using toluene and other toxins. it is interesting to note that toxins in general all seem to produce hyperactivity in mice and rats. They have special mechanisms to measure the number of times per minute the animals move, rear up, etc. When dogs are poisoned by chocolate, the first symptom is also hyperactivity. It appears that this is a common reaction to something toxic -- as though the neurons that stop movement (the GABA neurons) are the most sensitive to toxins. A question not answered is: is this what is happening to our kids by exposure to synthetic coloring?
"... Mice prenatally exposed to ethanol showed increased activity in their home cages, whereas open-field behavior was generally not different from that of control groups. Conversely, different preweaning rearing conditions had affected open-field behavior, but not home-cage activity. In conclusion, home-cage behavior was a sensitive paradigm for detecting hyperactivity subsequent to a relatively low dose of prenatal ethanol in mice..."
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Phenotypic Variation in Xenobiotic Metabolism and Adverse Environmental Response: Focus on Sulfur-Dependent Detoxification Pathways,
S.A. McFadden,
Toxicology, July 1996, Vol. 111(1-3), pp. 43-65
This is a review of other studies. http://www.feingold.org/Research/PDFstudies/McFadden96.pdf
"...a significant number of individuals with environmental intolerance or chronic disease have impaired sulfation of phenolic xenobiotics. This impairment is demonstrated with the probe drug acetaminophen and is presumably due to starvation of the sulfotransferases for sulfate substrate... In addition, impaired sulfation may be relevant to intolerance of phenol, tyramine, and phenylic food constituents, and it may be a factor in the success of the Feingold diet."
Dr. Rosemary Waring in the UK also showed in several studies that kids with autism and/or ADHD were low in the enzyme phenol sulfotransferase (PST) and has difficulty with sulfation. The Feingold diet is considered a "low-phenolic" diet and would thus be beneficial to anyone with difficulty in sulfate metabolism. Let's see ... see:
-- Alberti 1999
Sulphation deficit in "low-functioning" autistic c...[Biol Psychiatry. 1999] - PubMed Result
Sulphation deficit in "low-functioning" autistic children: a pilot study.
-- Harris 1998 (free full text linked to the abstract)
Inhibition of phenolsulphotransferase by salicylic...[Gut. 1998] - PubMed Result
Inhibition of phenolsulphotransferase by salicylic acid: a possible mechanism by which aspirin may reduce carcinogenesis.
(this may indeed be good for reducing cancer, but not for those whose PST is already low)
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Assessment of chemical factors in relation to child hyperactivity.
Ward NI,
Journal of Nutritional & Environmental Medicine (Abingdon); 7 (4). 1997. 333-342.
Dr. Ward is a chemist in the UK.
"...Only hyperactive children showed a significant reduction in blood serum zinc levels and an increase in urinary zinc output following the consumption of E102 [tartrazine] and E110 [sunset yellow]. . . For the 23 children who consumed a tartrazine beverage there were increased levels of overactivity (n = 18 children), aggressive (n = 16) and/or violent (n = 4) activity, poor speech (n = 2), poor coordination (n = 12), and the development of asthma and/or eczema (n = 8). Most of these were severe or moderate changes. Only one control child showed minor behavioural responses to tartrazine."
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Topographic mapping of brain electrical activity in children with food-induced attention deficit hyperkinetic disorder.
Uhlig T, Merkenschlager A, Brandmaier R, Egger J,
European Journal of Pediatrics 1997 Jul;156(7):557-61
Topographic mapping of brain electrical activity i...[Eur J Pediatr. 1997] - PubMed Result
Picture of brain scans: Uhlig - Topographical Mapping
"...CONCLUSIONS: These data support the hypothesis that in a subgroup of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder certain foods may not only influence clinical symptoms but may also alter brain electrical activity."
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Does oligoantigenic diet influence hyperactive/conduct-disordered children--a controlled trial. ,
Schmidt MH, et al.,
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 1997 Jun;6(2):88-95.
Does oligoantigenic diet influence hyperactive/con...[Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1997] - PubMed Result
"Effects of diet were compared with those yielded by stimulant medication (methylphenidate). ... Twelve children (24%) showed significant behavioral improvement in two behavior ratings during diet relative to control diet conditions ... The amount of positive changes in behavior in those who received both treatments was about the same... dietary treatment cannot be neglected as a possible access to treating hyperactive/disruptive children ..."
NOTE: These were children with conduct-disorder as well as ADHD. 44% responded to Ritalin while 24% responded equally well to a Feingold-type diet.
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The Health of Criminals Related to Behaviour, Food, Allergy and Nutrition: A Controlled Study of 100 Persistent Young Offenders,
Bennett CPW, Brostoff J.,
Journal of Nutritional & Environmental Medicine, Vol.7, No.4 Dec 1997 pp.359-366
oh drat - I just noticed that the link no longer goes to the study itself. Same problem with the next Bennett study. I'll have to work on it. Well, here's the abstract:
" This questionnaire-based research addressed the young offender population in order to estimate the proportion likely to have food allergic and other nutritionally related disorders such as hyperactivity. A controlled health and dietary survey was conducted with 100 young offenders and 100 matched non-offenders. The offender group reported significantly higher rates of ill health than the non-offender group. It is suggested that the nutritional health of young offenders could be investigated as part of present statutory requirements to consider the physical and mental health of young criminals. There was no real difference between the diets of the two groups. Further research is justified into the association between nutrition, health and behaviour problems. From this study, the proportion of the persistent young offender population with maladaptive behaviours linked to food allergy, food intolerance and nutritional problems is cautiously estimated to be 75% whereas 18% of the young non-offender population is similarly affected. "
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The Shipley Project: Treating Food Allergy to Prevent Criminal Behaviour in Community Settings,
Bennett CPW, McEwen LM, McEwen HC, Rose, EL,
Journal of Nutritional & Environmental Medicine , Vol.8, No.1,Mar.1998, pp.77-83
" Nine children with persistent anti-social, disruptive and/or criminal behaviours were assessed and treated for food intolerance and allergy. All were found to have a number of food allergies or intolerances and mineral imbalances, particularly in zinc. Three showed marginally raised cadmium while one had considerably raised cadmium. . . .The health and behaviour of all nine subjects improved both physically and psychologically. However, three children abandoned the dietary regime, two of whom re-offended and were placed in care while the third moved home and accepted enzyme-potentiated desensitization (EPD) treatment. He and the other six continued to improve in health, behaviour and school performance over 6 months. . . After 2 years, five of the nine had not re-offended. The feasibility of applying nutritional and biochemical assessment and treatment in the community to divert young offenders and disruptive schoolchildren from criminal behaviour was demonstrated. Criminal justice, education and health agencies could incorporate and develop this approach in furtherance of their statutory objectives.
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Favourable effect of a standard elimination diet on the behavior of young children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a pilot study
Pelsser LM, Buitelaar JK,
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2002 Dec 28;146(52):2543-7
[Favourable effect of a standard elimination diet ...[Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2002] - PubMed Result
" .. children, 36 boys and 4 girls, aged 3-7 (average 4.8 years), who met the DSM-IV-criteria for ADHD, followed their usual diet for two weeks and thereafter for two weeks an elimination diet, based on the few foods diet (rice, turkey, pear and lettuce). ... 25 children (62%) showed an improvement in behaviour of at least 50% on both the Conners list and the ADHD Rating Scale at the end of the elimination diet. Nine children (23%) withdrew from the study because the parents were unable to stick to the diet or because the child fell ill. Among the 15 children with both parent and teacher ratings, 10 [66%] responded both at home and in school. CONCLUSION: In young children with ADHD an elimination diet can lead to a statistically significant decrease in symptoms. "
Note: This study was done in Holland where a Feingold Foodlist is not available. Their diet was very much more limited than the usual Feingold diet. Since 9 children dropped out, the number of children who completed the 2-weeks trial of the diet was only 31. Thus, 25 children improving would be 80.6% of them. This is in line with the results we see of those who try the Feingold diet, in spite of the fact that two weeks is a very short trial for any diet.
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Another Pelsser study:
A randomised controlled trial into the effects of food on ADHD.
Pelsser LM, Frankena K, Toorman J, Savelkoul HF, Pereira RR, Buitelaar JK.
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2008 Apr 21. [Epub ahead of print]
A randomised controlled trial into the effects of ...[Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2008] - PubMed Result
"The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of a restricted elimination diet in reducing symptoms in an unselected group of children with Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Dietary studies have already shown evidence of efficacy in selected subgroups. Twenty-seven children (mean age 6.2) who all met the DSM-IV criteria for ADHD, were assigned randomly to either an intervention group (15/27) or a waiting-list control group (12/27). Primary endpoint was the clinical response, i.e. a decrease in the symptom scores by 50% or more, at week 9 based on parent and teacher ratings on the abbreviated ten-item Conners Scale and the ADHD-DSM-IV Rating Scale. The intention-to-treat analysis showed that the number of clinical responders in the intervention group was significantly larger than that in the control group [parent ratings 11/15 (73%) versus 0/12 (0%); teacher ratings, 7/10 (70%) versus 0/7 (0%)]. The Number of ADHD criteria on the ADHD Rating Scale showed an effect size of 2.1 (cohen's d) and a scale reduction of 69.4%. Comorbid symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder also showed a significantly greater decrease in the intervention group than it did in the control group (cohens's d 1.1, scale reduction 45.3%). A strictly supervised elimination diet may be a valuable instrument in testing young children with ADHD on whether dietary factors may contribute to the manifestation of the disorder and may have a beneficial effect on the children's behaviour."
They used a diet which eliminates milk, wheat, eggs, chicken, and beef as well as additives. This would pick up allergies or intolerance to any of these items. Otherwise, the diet is basically an extreme version of the standard Feingold diet.
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Controlled trial of cumulative behavioural effects of a common bread preservative.
Dengate S, Ruben A.,
J Paediatr Child Health 2002 Aug;38(4):373-6
Controlled trial of cumulative behavioural effects...[J Paediatr Child Health. 2002] - PubMed Result
" ...Twenty-seven children, whose behaviour improved significantly on the Royal Prince Alfred Hospital diet, which excludes food additives, natural salicylates, amines and glutamates, were challenged with calcium propionate (preservative code 282) or placebo through daily bread in a double-blind placebo-controlled crossover trial. ... CONCLUSIONS: Irritability, restlessness, inattention and sleep disturbance in some children may be caused by a preservative in healthy foods consumed daily. Minimizing the concentrations added to processed foods would reduce adverse reactions. Testing for behavioural toxicity should be included in food additive safety evaluation. "
Note: I understand that calcium proprionate is used in bread in Australia at a much larger dosage than in the U.S. The Feingold diet does not actually eliminate it, but we do mark products containing it with a code so that members who must can avoid it.
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The effects of a double blind, placebo controlled, artificial food colourings and benzoate preservative challenge on hyperactivity in a general population sample of preschool children.
Bateman B et al,
Archives of Disease in Childhood. 2004 Jun;89(6):506-11.
Full Text:
http://www.feingold.org/Research/PDFstudies/Bateman03.pdf
Figures & Tables:
http://www.feingold.org/Research/PDFstudies/Bateman03-FIG-1.pdf
http://www.feingold.org/Research/PDFstudies/Bateman03-FIG-2.pdf
http://www.feingold.org/Research/PDFstudies/Bateman03-FIG-3.pdf
http://www.feingold.org/Research/PDFstudies/Bateman03-TABLE-1.pdf
http://www.feingold.org/Research/PDFstudies/Bateman03-TABLE-2.pdf
"AIMS: To determine whether artificial food colourings and a preservative in the diet of 3 year old children in the general population influence hyperactive behaviour. . . .RESULTS: There were significant reductions in hyperactive behaviour during the withdrawal phase. Furthermore, there were significantly greater increases in hyperactive behaviour during the active than the placebo period based on parental reports. . . .CONCLUSIONS: There is a general adverse effect of artificial food colouring and benzoate preservatives on the behaviour of 3 year old children . . . "
Note: The investigators suggest removing these from the diet of all children. Just think about it -- only 20 mg per day of coloring was used as the "challenge." Imagine the results had they used the 150 mg of coloring present in one (1) Tb of green ketchup.
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I am out of space so to be continued ...
Continued ....
again, after the 1990's, they no longer really needed to show IF diet worked, but researchers began to unravel reasons WHY additives and other items in the diet affected the workings of the brain.
It is the somewhat earlier studies that are probably the ones you want now that I have given all these (below) ... so I will paste them at the bottom but you can find them all linked to Diet & Behavior: Research on ADD / ADHD and it is too darn late for me to give more details, being 3:30 a.m.
Remember, please, that although these studies are listed ON my website, we had no input into their production. And some of them are actually studies trying to show that the diet doesn't work. ... okay, to continue from previous posting ----
A preliminary investigation of ADHD symptoms in persons with celiac disease.,
Niederhofer H, Pittschieler K.,
Journal of Attention Disorders, 2006 Nov;10(2):200-4.
Full Text:
http://www.feingold.org/Research/PDFstudies/Niederhofer-celiac200.pdf
"Several studies report a possible association of celiac disease (CD) with psychiatric and psychological disturbances, such as ADHD. METHOD: The authors assess 132 participants from 3 to 57 years of age ... affected by CD for the possibility of an associated ADHD-like symptomatology ... before their gluten-free diet was started and 6 months later. RESULTS: The overall score improves significantly as well as most of the ADHD-like symptomatology ... CONCLUSION: The data indicate that ADHD-like symptomatology is markedly overrepresented among untreated CD patients and that a gluten-free diet may improve symptoms significantly within a short period of time. "
Notes:
- A gluten-free diet would eliminate many processed foods, thereby automatically reducing the ingestion of additives.
- Some people with ADHD, even on the Feingold Program, do better when they eliminate gluten and/or casein. Since Celiac Disease can also be present without frank symptoms of GI disturbance, this connection is very interesting.
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Synergistic Interactions Between Commonly Used Food Additives in a Developmental Neurotoxicity Test.
Lau K, McLean WG, Williams DP, Howard CV.,
Toxicol Sci. 2006 Mar;90(1):178-87, 2005 Dec 13; [Epub ahead of print]
Full Text:
http://www.feingold.org/Research/PDFstudies/Lau06.pdf
Note: Look carefully at the picture on page 183 - if that doesn't scare you, nothing will.
" Exposure to non-nutritional food additives during the critical development window has been implicated in the induction and severity of behavioural disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). . . We therefore examined the neurotoxic effects of four common food additives in combinations of two (Brilliant Blue and L-glutamic acid, Quinoline Yellow and aspartame) to assess potential interactions. . . Neurotoxicity was measured as an inhibition of neurite outgrowth. . . . Theoretical exposure to additives was calculated based on analysis of content in foodstuff, and estimated percentage absorption from the gut. Inhibition of neurite outgrowth was found at concentrations of additives theoretically achievable in plasma by ingestion of a typical snack and drink. . . both combinations had a straightforward additive effect on cytotoxicity. These data have implications for the cellular effects of common chemical entities ingested individually and in combination."
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Okay -- if the picture above didn't scare you, this might:
The threshold of toxicological concern concept in risk assessment.
Kroes R, Kleiner J, Renwick A.,
Toxicological Sciences. 2005 Aug;86(2):226-30. Epub 2005 Apr 13
Full test:
The Threshold of Toxicological Concern Concept in Risk Assessment -- Kroes et al. 86 (2): 226 -- Toxicological Sciences
"... The concept proposes that a low level of exposure with a negligible risk can be identified for many chemicals, including those of unknown toxicity, based on knowledge of their chemical structures. ... "
What he means is that NO STUDIES need to be done to determine toxicity of new flavoring chemicals. Kroes convinced the FDA and the WHO that "a little bit can't hurt" -- the deminimis principle -- and they no longer test new flavoring additives. Thus, although the Feingold diet eliminates all artificial flavorings, we have no idea which ones are truly dangerous ... there are almost no studies. And anyhow, there is no way to know which are in what food. Before they stopped doing studies, they had studied a few (including artificial vanillin) and found that they suppressed liver enzymes. Yum.
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Full text:
FDA/CFSAN - FDA Public Health Advisory: Subject: REPORTS OF BLUE DISCOLORATION AND DEATH IN PATIENTS RECEIVING ENTERAL FEEDINGS TINTED WITH THE DYE, FD&C BLUE NO. 1
FDA Public Health Advisory: Reports of blue discoloration and death in patients receiving enteral feedings tinted with the dye, FD&C Blue No. 1 "Dear Health Care Professional:
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) would like you to be aware of several reports of toxicity, including death, temporally associated with the use of FD&C Blue No. 1 (Blue 1) in enteral feeding solutions. . . in vitro evidence that Blue 1 can be a mitochondrial toxin lends plausibility to the idea ... "
Note: This is in response to numerous reports of people sick enough to need tube feeding who died - but not from their illness. They died from the blue coloring. For a letter to the editor from a doctor with a dramatic picture of what their insides looked like, see
http://arpa.allenpress.com/pdfserv/10.1043/1543-2165(2001)125<599a:BCAA>2.0.CO;2
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There are a number of reviews done over the past 20 years, the most recent ones in 2004 (Breakey 2004; Schab 2004) and they are solidly in support of dietary modification as a valid treatment. See summaries and links to their abstracts at MedLine at:
Breakey:
Diet & Behavior: Research on ADD / ADHD
Schab:
Diet & Behavior: Research on ADD / ADHD
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Forget ADHD ... look what else the food colorings can do:
Synergistic effects of food colors on the toxicity of 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-1) in primary cultured rat hepatocytes.
Ashida H, Hashimoto T, Tsuji S, Kanazawa K, Danno G.,
Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology. (Tokyo) 2000 Jun;46(3):130-6
Synergistic effects of food colors on the toxicity...[J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2000] - PubMed Result
" ... the in vitro treated food-color mixture itself showed cytotoxicity: ... Hepatocytes were isolated and cultured from rats fed a diet containing a mixture of food additives or a mixture of food colors with half the amount of their respective acceptable daily intake for 4 wk. ... These results suggest that the daily intake of artificial food colors may impair hepatic functions such as gluconeogenesis and ureogenesis, when dietary carcinogens are exposed to the liver cells. "
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The comet assay with 8 mouse organs: results with 39 currently used food additives.
Sasaki YF, Kawaguchi S, Kamaya A, Ohshita M, Kabasawa K, Iwama K, Taniguchi K, Tsuda S.,
Mutation Research 2002 Aug 26;519(1-2):103-19
The comet assay with 8 mouse organs: results with ...[Mutat Res. 2002] - PubMed Result
We determined the genotoxicity of 39 chemicals currently in use as food additives. . . Of all the additives, dyes were the most genotoxic. ... All seven dyes induced DNA damage in the gastrointestinal organs at a low dose (10 or 100mg/kg). ...Two antioxidants (butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT)), three fungicides (biphenyl, sodium o-phenylphenol, and thiabendazole), and four sweeteners (sodium cyclamate, saccharin, sodium saccharin, and sucralose) also induced DNA damage in gastrointestinal organs. Based on these results, we believe that more extensive assessment of food additives in current use is warranted.
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If you need a translation, the last two studies show that the food colorings and preservatives and some other additives cause DNA damage .... that means cancer.
Oh yeah, I almost forgot -- BHT and BHA have been recognized for years by government agencies to cause tumors in animals. In fact, scientists wanting to study cancer in rats often give them cancer by using these chemicals - especially together.
See information on BHA:
http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/roc/eleventh/profiles/s027bha.pdf
See more if you want at Feingold diet - Studies on BHT & BHA and remember -- this may be on my website, but they are NOT my studies. They are studies done independently by people who probably never heard of the Feingold diet.
Well, I guess that is enough reading to keep you busy for a while. If you need more information on any of them and you can't find the full text, I may be able to help you.
Nope -- I just realized that the ones you probably really want are the earlier ones, as I said at top of this post. I will paste them here, but you will have to get the links yourself from the page link I gave at top of this post, okay?
If you have difficulty, let me know.
Carter 1993 Effects of a Few Foods Diet in Attention Deficit Disorder
Egger 1992 Effect of diet treatment on enuresis in children with migraine or hyperkinetic behavior
Egger 1992 Controlled Trial of Hyposensitisation in Children with Food-Induced Hyperkinetic Syndrome
Novembre 1992 Unusual reactions to food additives
Schoenthaler 1991 Applied Nutrition and Behavior
Pollock 1990 Effect of artificial food colours on childhood behaviour.
Ward 1990 The influence of the chemical additive tartrazine on the zinc status of hyperactive children: A double-blind placebo-controlled study.
Egger 1989 Oligoantigenic diet treatment of children with epilepsy and migraine
Kaplan 1989 Overall Nutrient Intake of Preschool Hyperactive and Normal Boys
Kaplan 1989 Dietary Replacement in Preschool-Aged Hyperactive Boys
Rowe 1988 Synthetic Food Colourings and "Hyperactivity": a Double-Blind Crossover Study
Gross 1987 The effect of diets rich in and free from additives on the behavior of children with hyperkinetic and learning disorders
Schoenthaler 1986 The Impact of a Low Food Additive and Sucrose Diet on Academic Performance in 803 New York City Public Schools.
Weiss 1986 (Review) Food additives as a source of behavioral disturbances in children.
Collins 1985 (Review) Clinical spectrum of adverse reactions to tartrazine.
Egger 1985 Controlled Trial of Oligoantigenic Treatment in the Hyperkinetic Syndrome
Schauss 1984 Nutrition and behavior: complex interdisciplinary research.
Augustine 1983 (Neurotoxicology Study) Neurotransmitter release and nerve terminal morphology at the frog neuromuscular junction affected by the dye Erythrosin B.
Augustine 1983 (Neurotoxicology Study) Presynaptic effect of Erythrosin B at the frog neuromuscular junction: ion and photon sensitivity.
Egger 1983 Is migraine food allergy? A double-blind controlled trial of oligoantigenic diet treatment.
Rimland 1983 (Review) The Feingold diet: an assessment of the reviews by Mattes, by Kavale and Forness and others.
Rippere 1983 (Critique) Food additives and hyperactive children: a critique of Conners.
Feingold 1982 The role of diet in behavior.
Goldenring 1982 Sulfanilic acid: behavioral change related to azo food dyes in developing rats.
Salamy 1982 Physiological changes in hyperactive children following the ingestion of food additives.
Satterfield 1982 A Prospective Study of Delinquency in 110 Adolescent Boys with Attention Deficit Disorder and 88 Normal Adolescent Boys
Weiss 1982 (Review) Food additives and environmental chemicals as sources of childhood behavior disorders.
Yamawaki 1982 Effects of toluene inhalation on locomotor activity and brain catecholamine levels in rats. (another rat study showing toxins cause hyperactivity - yikes)
Mattes 1981 Effects of artificial food colorings in children with hyperactive symptoms. A critical review and results of a controlled study.
Augustine 1980 Neurotransmitter release from a vertebrate neuromuscular synapse affected by a food dye.
Swanson 1980 Food Dyes Impair Performance of Hyperactive Children on a Laboratory Learning Test
Weiss 1980 Behavioral responses to artificial food colors.
Jillio, I just noticed this comment in your post, and I can't ignore it. Dr. Arnold is a MEDICAL DOCTOR as well as a PROFESSOR EMERITUS OF PSYCHIATRY at Ohio State University. Yes, in addition, he has a Masters in Education. Since when is that a problem? He has been doing research for years and has published to date 153 articles and studies in MedLine-indexed journals - including the Journal of Attention Disorders which certainly is indeed a professional journal of psychiatry and psychology, published since 1996 by SAGE Publications in the United States. He was an invited speaker at the NIH 1998 Consensus Development Program, and worked on the design of the MultiModal Treatment Study.
Now if HE is not qualified to comment on health related issues, pray tell me who is?
.
jillio
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Again, this si totally misleading. While you may be able tofind studies, these studies are not scientific and are full of flaws, misinformation and erroneous conclusions, not to mention methodological flaws, problems with populations, and sloppy data collection. That is the problem. There is not one single piece of empirically supported evidence that leads to the conclusion that diet is effective as a treatment for ADHD or autism, or any other mental disorder. While diet can be used as a supplement for some physical disorders such as diabetes, the medical community has done research that is scientifically based that supports said diets. The logic behind resticting diets for some forms of GI dysfunction is also scientifically supported. However, this research was done in a scientific manner, with scrupulous methodology, sound medical knowledge, and valid and reliable assessment instruments. That is the difference between valid medical research and the type of marketing research that you attempt to pass off as scientific. That is the difference between solid support for a hypothesis and this anecdotal story telling that you attempt to use, and then mistakenly call "proof".
jillio
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His qualifications as the author of this article are very plainly stated as M.Ed. Nowhere in this article is any idication of an MD. Please substantiate your claim. Likewise, I suggest you take the time to read the article as published. It certainly isn't supportive of the Feingold diet, or of naturopathy in general for treatment of ADHD. Liwise, this is not a scientific research report, but a simple literature review. You really do need to educate yourself. You don't know the difference between a literature review and a research report, you can't understand statisticasl analysis, you attempt to use articles that have absolutley nothing to do with the human popluation, much less ADHD or autism, you choose articles with populations that do not apply to the topic, and it is obvious that you beleive that quantity will substitute for quality. You have posted many things. YOU HAVE YET TO POST A SINGLE EMPIRICAL STUIDY THAT VALIDATES THE CLAIMS THAT YOU ARE MAKING. The fact of the matter is, instead of posting a much of useless links and irelevant studies, you could have made your point with one single piece of empirical research. You have failed to do so. To continue to post in the same manner certainly does not increase your already questionable credibility.
jillio
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Again with the same old same old. Links that don't work, statements taken out of context, erroneous conclusions, innapplicable references to the topic....evidently someone has incorrectly told you that quantity subsitututes for quality.
You have, to date, taken up considerable space, and used far too many words in an attempt to support your claims. All it takes to do so with credibiltiy is to come up with a single piece of empirical research that does so. You have failed on that attempt time and time again. Continuing in this manner does nothing to support your claims, nor add to your credibiltiy. It simply makes clear that you have no empirical evidence, you cannot find any empirical evidence, and in fact, have no idea what you are even looking for.
Casperman
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also they put him on ABLIFTy.. it made him eat alot too.. so now he stopped taking it and hes fine and his intake of foods is less than before..
I would be very pleased if you would point out any link that doesn't work. Indeed, I have found a couple along the way while answering you ... this happens when you link to other sites and their links change ... and I will be fixing them. If you have more broken links, kindly do let me know. I - unlike you - am not infallible. Since I do check them as I enter them, most should work without trouble, unless the problem is on your end.
For your information, although I have often excerpted or shortened the abstracts to remove the confusing jargon or statistics, in each case there is a link to the original so that any confusion can be clarified, and I am very careful not to change the original intent of the author. On the other hand, since you obviously disagree, please show me one statement you believe is out-of-context. If you are right, I will change it on the website as well as here. My aim is shedding light on the truth; I have no ego involved here, and if you can find an error in anything I have submitted, I will fix it. Saying it is all bunk is not helpful, however. Get specific, as I have been.
Perhaps your definition of empirical research is not the same as in my dictionary; in my book if you put 200 kids on a diet and 75% get better (Rowe 1994), that is pretty darn good. And if you follow that with a double-blind study of the kids who improved, and 86% of them react to a small arbitrary challenge, even better. In my book, when you improve the quality of school lunches of a MILLION kids and the entire cohort's national averages are raised almost 16%, and the percentage of kids 2 years behind drops from 12% to 4% that is pretty darn good too (Schoenthaler 1986). In my book, when you put kids with epilepsy + ADHD or migraine on a Feingold-type diet and 85% of them recover from all symptoms (Egger 1989), while those with epilepsy alone don't have any benefit from the diet ... well, now that surely tells me something.
Obviously, however, it all tells you nothing. It does make you look pretty strange, however, to be bashing all this research from the MedLine as though it were useless trash. Makes me wonder what your conflict of interest is, or perhaps we'll just have to agree to disagree.
You (or somebody) has said I don't belong on this Board because I am not deaf. However, there is no guarantee that being deaf gives you a monopoly on being right. I came here because your readers were being given misinformation, and I wanted to correct it - for the sake of the children. Deaf children deserve to have informed parents too. When parents are truly informed about a subject, then they can choose what is best for their family. But if it makes y'all feel better, I probably have enough deafness in my family to qualify as a bona fide member if I wanted to. And nope --the Feingold diet doesn't do diddly for deafness, as far as I know.
jillio
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That is exactly the problem. You are omitting information on the assumption that you are better qualified to tell another what it says than is the individual themselves. How dare you assume that statisitics or technical language be confusing to anyone. You, quite obviously, have no expertise and no eduction that allows you to make such a determination. You are exhibiting an extremely patronizing attitude, and an unwarranted patronizing attittude. This is exactly what makes people like you so dangerous to others. You edit and revise, and then present to the unsuspecting as truth, when nothing could be further from the truth. Yes, deaf children deserve to have informed parents...not parents who are relying on someone like you who attempts to hide the truth by altering information and telling them what the research says without allowing them the opportunity to read and evaluate that research for themselves.
You, quite obviously were not in the least interested in coming here as a member to discuss issues related to deafness, nor to form friendships with the deaf members. You intent was to come in here, and provide innacurrate and false information, to edit research information, and to sell others on the Feingold diet. You never would have discovered this website if another had not been loosing her arguments for naturopathy as treatment for mental disorders, and requested your help in her argument. Quite frankly, you have done no better a job for supporting these claims than the one who requested your assistance.
Obviously, that class you claimed to have taken in research did not teach you the meaning of empirical evidence. The definition is quite speceific. Andyou have yet to meet the standards, either in your conclusions or the studies you have posted. Just more evidence that you are basing your conclusions on a lack of knowledge, rather than on any degree of expertise.
What appears strange is your insistence on claiming that your magical thinking and total lack of knowledge is anywhere close to scientific and valid research and knowledge. Quite frankly, I feel sorry for you. You are obviously just one more gulliable person who has been conned by the Feingold organization and others like it, and it has given you some sort of sense of superiority that is totally unfounded. You possess no expertise on the subject, and do nothing more than repeat what you have been told by the very ones that have conned you to begin with.
And no one said that you don't belong on this board because you are not deaf. I would challenge you to support that statement with a quote. You cannot do that anymore than you can substantiate your other misquided claims. I am not deaf, and I am a member. The poster who posed the question is not deaf. You have again made assumptions for which you have no foundation, but that appears to be quite typical of you. However, your motives for joining this board was to spam the members with innacurrate information regarding naturopathy and the Feingold diet. My motivation for joining this board was quite different. The fact that you would misinterpret the question posed asking if you were deaf, and what your reasons for becoming a member of this board is just a clear indication that you have no ability to critically analyze and interpret information for others.
Actually no. In this case they went to great trouble to use kids in the NORMAL population. They were NOT comparing kids with and without ADHD. They were not skewing the tables towards kids who did or did not have ADHD. According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, they did a good job. I am not a statistician, so I will accept it that the AAP knows what they are talking about. On what basis will you over-ride their conclusion?
jillio
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And the very fact that they used kids without ADHD means that the results cannot be generalized to the population with ADHD. You really do need some education in in research methodology and interpretation. It is obvious that you are not a statistician. Nor do have the knowledge necessary to properly interpret research. That is just one more reason why you have no business interpreting it for others, and omitting pertinent information because you have deemed it to be unneccesary.
Again, your time would be better spent in searching for some empirical support for your claims that in making irrelevent posts that ruin any credibility you preume to have. You understanding of research evaluation does not even meet the standards for an introductory course.
And your use of the word "NORMAL" to identify those without ADHD is offensive. You could use a little education on the use of biased and offensive language as well.
jillio
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Ladies and Gentlemen,
It has become obvious that the above poster is unable to post any empirical support, or to provide updated articles as have been requested by several members of this forum. Because of that, I request that this thread now be closed. I suggest that you all take that failure to support empirically and to provide updated information for what it obviously is.
If any of you would like to discuss the issue of naturopathy and diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders such as ADHD or autism, you know how to contact me.
Thank you.
MODS: please close this thread.
It has become obvious that the above poster is unable to post any empirical support, or to provide updated articles as have been requested by several members of this forum. Because of that, I request that this thread now be closed. I suggest that you all take that failure to support empirically and to provide updated information for what it obviously is.
If any of you would like to discuss the issue of naturopathy and diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders such as ADHD or autism, you know how to contact me.
Thank you.
MODS: please close this thread.
Oceanbreeze
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Stick a fork in me, folks. I'm done. I've read the entire thread and from what I see, it's a game of "post ping pong." Everyone is saying the same basic thing.
"The diet works. Here's proof."
"No, it doesn't. Here's proof"
Personally, I'm of the opinion that the diet does not work and all the crap I've just read is nothing but junk science thrown together to make it LOOK like the diet works for what it is claimed to work for.
I've not changed my opinion of it one iota. It is my hope that there are no gullible parents on this forum who would fall for this. It is my hope that there will continue to be people questioning those that support this diet. From what I can see, this diet harms instead of helps.
Just my .02.
"The diet works. Here's proof."
"No, it doesn't. Here's proof"
Personally, I'm of the opinion that the diet does not work and all the crap I've just read is nothing but junk science thrown together to make it LOOK like the diet works for what it is claimed to work for.
I've not changed my opinion of it one iota. It is my hope that there are no gullible parents on this forum who would fall for this. It is my hope that there will continue to be people questioning those that support this diet. From what I can see, this diet harms instead of helps.
Just my .02.
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