Can you please post the text, not just the references?
TEXTUAL BASIS:
The following commentary is Rashi's adapted to the JPS translation of the Tanakh. Lines irrelevant to the conversation have been removed to condense the text. The full text is available at the
Chabad Lubavitch website if interested.
ספר בראשית פרק ט
Book of Genesis, Chapter 9
.ד אך-בשר, בנפשו דמו לא תאכלו
4. Only flesh with the life thereof, which is the blood thereof, shall ye not eat.
flesh with the life thereof He prohibited them to eat a limb cut off from a living creature; i.e., as long as its soul is in it, you shall not eat the flesh. (Sanhedrin 59b) (i.e., if the limb is cut from the animal while it is alive, it is forbidden to be eaten even after the animal expires.)
with the life thereof, which is the blood thereof As long as its life is within it.
flesh with the life thereof…you shall not eat This refers to a limb of a living creature. And also, its blood, you shall not eat-This refers to blood of a living creature. (Sanhedrin 59b)
.ה ואך את-דמכם לנפשתיכם אדרש, מיד כל-חיה אדרשנו; ומיד האדם, מיד איש אחיו--אדרש, את-נפש האדם
5. And surely your blood of your lives will I require; at the hand of every beast will I require it; and at the hand of man, even at the hand of every man's brother, will I require the life of man.
RASHI:
surely your blood Even though I permitted you to take the life of animals, your blood I will demand of one who sheds his own blood (i.e., who commits suicide). (Genesis Rabbah 34:13, Bava Qama 91b)
of your lives Also one who strangles himself, even though no blood issued from him. (Genesis Rabbah 34:13)
at the hand of every beast Since the Generation of the Flood had sinned, and they were abandoned as prey for the wild beasts, which would have power over them, as it is said (Psalms. 49:13, 21): "he is compared to the silenced animals"; therefore, it was necessary to warn the beasts about them (not to kill them).
and from the hand of man From the hand of one who kills intentionally, without witnesses, I will demand his life. (Targum Jonathan, verse 6)
at the hand of man, even at the hand of every man's brother From the hand of the one who loves him like a brother, and killed him unintentionally, I will demand punishment, if he does not go into exile nor beg that his iniquity be forgiven. For even the inadvertent sinner requires atonement. If there are no witnesses to sentence him to exile, and he does not humble himself, the Holy One, blessed be He, will demand it of him, as our Rabbis expounded (Exod. 21:13): "And God placed him into his hand," in Tractate Makot 10b: the Holy One, blessed be He, causes them to meet at the same inn, etc.
.ו שפך דם האדם, באדם דמו ישפך: כי בצלם אלהים, עשה את-האדם
6. Whoso sheddeth man's blood, by man shall his blood be shed; for in the image of God made He man.
.ז ואתם, פרו ורְבו; שרְצו בארץ, ורְבו-בה
7. And you, be ye fruitful, and multiply; swarm in the earth, and multiply therein."
And you, be ye fruitful, and multiply According to its simple meaning: the first mention of this expression (verse 1) was a blessing, and this mention is a commandment. According to its midrashic interpretation, it is written here to compare one who does not engage in propagation to one who sheds blood. (Yevamot 63b)
.ח ויאמר אלהים אל-נח, ואל-בניו אתו לאמר
8. And God spoke unto Noah, and to his sons with him, saying:
.ט ואני, הנני מקים את-בריתי אתכם, ואת-זרעכם, אחריכם
9. 'As for Me, behold, I establish My covenant with you, and with your seed after you;
As for Me, behold I Agree with you, for Noah was afraid to engage in propagation until the Holy One, blessed be He, promised him never to destroy the world again, and so He did. He ultimately said to him, "Behold I agree to make a confirmation and a strengthening of a covenant for My promise, and I will give you a sign." (Tan. Buber, Noach 17)
...
.יב ויאמר אלהים, זאת אות-הברית אשר-אני נתן ביני וביניכם, ובין כל-נפש חיה, אשר אתכם--לדרת, עולם
12. And God said: 'This is the token of the covenant which I make between Me and you and every living creature that is with you, for perpetual generations:
Regarding the Talmud references: There is no complete text of the Talmud in English (or even in Hebrew/Aramaic, for that matter) online anywhere. Our library has copies of the Sanhedrin (Steinsaltz edition), but it is closed today. I will update sometime tommorow or on Tuesday when I am able to get over there to provide the text. As for Bava Qama, if you want the one line of text, you're going to have to wait a few days while I request the Schottenstein edition of that tractate.
(The Steinsaltz English edition is incomplete, though personally I find it preferable to the Schottenstein edition.)
SYNTHESIS:
There are two effective covenants in the world, the Covenant of Noach and the Covenant of Yisrael. As Noach is, according to traditional Jewish teaching (and traditional Christian teaching), the most recent common ancestor of all humans, all humans are B'nei Noach, Children of Noach.
Humans would normally receive salvation if they lived within the terms of their agreement with God. (Genesis 2) As the Covenant of Noach is the agreement all humans have with God, they are therefore all bound to it to receive salvation.